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Harriet Beecher Stowe Center Having one day crossed the river with friends to the Kentucky side of the river, Stowe was met with a . Calvin was a respected scholar and theologian who taught at Lane Seminary in Cincinnati and later at Bowdoin College in Brunswick, ME, and Andover Theological Seminary in Andover, MA. In 1869, her article in The Atlantic accused English nobleman Lord Byron of an incestuous relationship with his half-sister that produced a child. Barbara M. Cross, Harriet Beecher Stowe, in Edward T. James, Janet Wilson James, and Paul Boyer, editors, Notable American Women, 1607-1950: A Biographical Dictionary (Cambridge: Belknap Press of Harvard University, 1971), p. 393-402. Harriet Beecher was born June 14, 1811, the seventh child of a famous protestant preacher. Biography in Context, link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/K1631006289/BIC1?u=deschutes&xid=016ee01c. A progressive social reformer and activist, Jane Addams was on the frontline of the settlement house movement and was the first American woman to wina Nobel Peace Prize. With sales of 300,000 in the first year, the book exerted an influence equaled by few other novels in history, helping to solidify both pro- and antislavery sentiment. Harriet Beecher Stowe. The earliest known letter written by young Harriet Beecher was to her brother Edward in 1822 as he studied at Yale. James purchased land in Ulster County to build a home for his family and to preach to the farmers of upstate New York. ', Your Privacy Choices: Opt Out of Sale/Targeted Ads, Name: Harriet Beecher Stowe, Birth Year: 1811, Birth date: June 14, 1811, Birth State: Connecticut, Birth City: Litchfield, Birth Country: United States, Best Known For: Harriet Beecher Stowe was an author and social activist best known for her popular anti-slavery novel 'Uncle Toms Cabin. He married Susan Monroe (1853-1918) and had three children. Her husband, John Hooker, believed in his wife and supported her activities. The passage of the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, which legally compelled Northerners to return runaway slaves, infuriated Stowe and many in the North. She also continued to write novels, of whichThe Ministers Wooing(1859) is best known, and was a lyceum lecturer. At the close of the Civil War, Beecher was given the symbolic prize of presenting a sermon at Fort Sumter when the U.S. flag was once again raised there. Uncle Toms Cabin was released as a book in March 1852, selling 300,000 copies in the US in the first year. Ultimately a civil jury was unable to reach a conclusion, and a mistrial was declared. When Catharines mother Roxana Foote Beecher died in 1816, Catherine became responsible for her siblings. Calvin Ellis Stow on month day 1836, at age 24 in marriage place, Ohio. Landmarks dedicated to the life, work and memory of Stowe exist across the eastern United States. Neither parish could afford to pay well, and the young family struggled. John Hooker was a lawyer and an abolitionist. She also wrote extensively on behalf of abolition, most notably her Appeal to Women of the Free States of America, on the Present Crisis on Our Country,which she hoped would help raise public outcry to defeat the 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act. Stowe became a teacher, working from 1829 to 1832 at the Hartford Female Seminary. Who did she marry in 1836? Mother Roxana (Foote) Beecher (1775-1816) Spouse Calvin Ellis Stowe (1802-1886) Children Harriet Beecher Stowe (1836-1907) Eliza Tyler Stowe (1836-1912) Henry Ellis Beecher Stowe (1838-1857) Frederick William Stowe (1840-1870) Georgiana (Stowe) Allen (1843-1890) Charles Edward Stowe (1850-1934) Associated Houses Beecher House Litchfield Evas father purchases Tom, and Tom and Eva become good friends. In 1841 she married John Hooker, a descendant of Thomas Hooker, the founder of Hartford. Lyman Beecher, and her younger brother, Henry Ward Beecher, were among the century's most popular preachers. .css-m6thd4{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:block;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:Gilroy,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.2;font-weight:bold;color:#323232;text-transform:capitalize;}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-m6thd4:hover{color:link-hover;}}Susan B. Anthony. The couples only child, Freeman, was the Stowes first grandchild. Mary Foote Beecher Perkins (1805-1900) His writing helped fuel the fire that would lead to younger siblings Harriets and Henrys fame. Embraced in the North, the book and its author aroused hostility in the South. He served on a coaster trading along the eastern U.S. coast, before sailing on a clipper ship for Canton, China. The passage of the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, which legally compelled Northerners to return runaway slaves, infuriated Stowe and many in the North. A preacher with parishes from Rhode Island to Connecticut, Ohio, New York and Massachusetts, William Henry Beecher was an advocate of abolition and temperance. Charles kept a journal when he accompanied his famous sister Harriet on her first trip to Great Britain and Europe in 1853. The tragedy helped her understand the heartbreak enslaved mothers went through when their children were wrenched from their arms and sold. Late in her life she assisted her son Charles E. Stowe on a biography of her, which appeared in 1889. 18-34. Uncle Toms Cabins strong Christian message reflected Stowes belief that slavery and the Christian doctrine were at odds; in her eyes, slavery was clearly a sin. Her husband,John Hooker, believed in his wife and supported her activities. By the time Henry graduated, the boy who had been embarrassed into silence by a childhood speech impediment presented speeches and performed in plays. His years in New Orleans, and the letters he wrote home, provided first-hand accounts of slavery that sister Harriet Beecher Stowe later incorporated in her novel Uncle Toms Cabin. Accessed 2 August 2017 https://quod.lib.umich.edu/j/jala/2629860.0030.104/--lincoln-stowe-and-the-little-womangreat-war-story-the- making?rgn=main;view=fulltext. Harriet Beecher Stowe House.The Impact of Uncle Toms Cabin. The New York Times. He enlisted in the army and served as chaplain of the First Long Island Regiment, then as a lieutenant colonel in the 141st New York Volunteers. Stowe, Harriet Beecher | Infoplease Henry found Mount Pleasants military-type discipline difficult, but the school gave him the skills to become a powerful orator. The Stowes wintered in Florida . Stowe insightfully describes alcoholism as an illness, at a time when most people believed it was a moral failure. In 1871, Isabella organized the annual convention of the National Womans Suffrage Association in Washington D.C. and presented her argument before the Committee on the Judiciary of the United States Senate. The book was an immediate sensation and was taken up eagerly by abolitionists while, along with its author, it was vehemently denounced in the South, where reading or possessing the book became an extremely dangerous enterprise. The book was translated widely and several times dramatized (the first time, in 1852, without Stowes permission), where it played to capacity audiences. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Learn. 1863: Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation. He disagreed with the expansion of legal rights for women, yet acknowledged his wifes crucial role in running his parish, and accepted a woman as his own minister after he retired. All Rights Reserved. Harriet Elizabeth Stowe (Beecher) (1811 - 1896) - Genealogy - Geni.com She was a founding member of the Connecticut Womans Suffrage Association. Henry shaped Plymouth Church into one of the most influential pulpits in the United States. Harriet Beecher Stowe. National Womens History Museum, 2017. Elijah Lovejoy and left him just hours before Lovejoy was killed by a mob in 1837. But it was her sister Catharine who likely influenced her the most. Calvin Ellis Stowe - Wikipedia The young family lived at his parents Hartford home for a short time in 1883. Born Harriet Beecher on June 14, 1811, in Litchfield, Connecticut; died on July 1, 1896, in Hartford, Connecticut, of brain congestion complicated by partial paralysis; daughter of Lyman Beecher (d. 1863, a cleric) and Roxana (Foote) Beecher (d. 1816); attended Litchfield Female Academy, 1819-24, and then Hartford Female Seminary where she becam. The Beechers were one of the most influential families of the 19th century. The Harriet Beecher Stowe House in Cincinnati offers links and videos about its namesake resident and the home itself. From a young age, Thomas Beecher had shown a disinterest in the ministry and an aptitude for natural sciences and education. Stowe's mother died when she was five years old and, although her father remarried, the strongest female influence on her life was her elder, proto- feminist sister, Catharine. These years in the West prepared Stowe for her later career. Harriet Beecher Stowe began publishing as a source of family income; her writing could . Harriet Beecher Stowe Biography | Biography Online Roxana Foote (1775-1816), Lyman Beechers first wife and Harriets mother, was a granddaughter of Revolutionary General Andrew Ward, was literate, artistic, and read mathematical and scientific treatises for pleasure. Birth of Harriet Beecher Stowe | History Today After Uncle Toms Cabin was published, she found a ready vehicle for her writings in The Atlantic Monthly. Her body is buried at Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts, under the epitaph Her Children Rise up and Call Her Blessed.. In 1872, Victoria Woodhull, a controversial womans rights advocate, accused Henry of committing adultery with Elizabeth Tilton, wife of Theodore Tilton. Uncle Toms Cabin wasnt the only book Stowe wrote about slavery. HISTORY.com works with a wide range of writers and editors to create accurate and informative content. After helping two enslaved people escape, Tom is beaten to death for not revealing their whereabouts. . He briefly returned to civilian life because of concern over his wife Anne. In 1853, she published two books: A Key to Uncle Toms Cabin, which offered documents and personal testimonies to verify the accuracy of the book, and Dred: A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp, which reflected her belief that slavery demeaned society. Flashcards. Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811-1896) is best known today as the author of Uncle Tom's Cabin, which helped galvanize the abolitionist cause and contributed to the outbreak of the Civil War.Uncle Tom's Cabin sold over 10,000 copies in the first week and was a best seller of its day. Thomas died of a stroke in 1900. Courtship and Marriage: 1834-1836 | Harriet Beecher Stowe: A Life In Cincinnati, Stowe taught at the Western Female Institute, another school founded by Catharine, where she wrote many short stories and articles and co-authored a textbook. After the Civil War began, Stowe traveled to Washington, D.C., where she met with Abraham Lincoln. At the age of 21, she moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, where her father had become the head of the Lane Theological Seminary. Catharine argued that running a home was as complicated as running a business, and that young women should be instructed in these responsibilities the same way boys received instruction for their careers. Lyman Beecher took a strong abolitionist stance following the pro-slavery Cincinnati Riots of 1836. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. In 1851, Stowes 18-month-old son died. She died of septicemia in Boston at age 47. From the mid 1880s until the late 1890s he was minister of the Simsbury, CT Congregational Church. She appears to have suffered from drug and alcohol addiction. Later, in 1824, she attended Catherine Beechers Hartford Female Seminary, which exposed young women to many of the same courses available in mens academies. 6. Biography and associated logos are trademarks of A+E Networksprotected in the US and other countries around the globe. https://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/underground/me1.htm, Selected Letters. When Lyman Beecher became the president of Lane Seminary in Cincinnati, OH in 1832, Catharine found a successor to run the Hartford Female Seminary and moved west with him. Edward believed that all of America was responsible for slavery, since the entire society profited from it. His first parish was in Newport, RI. Stowe returned to live in New England in 1850. Controversy and heartache found Stowe again in her later years. James and Anne left Andover to become missionaries in Canton and Hong Kong. Harriet Beecher Stowe - fembio.org Catharine Esther Beecher (1800-1878) Accessed 7 June 2017. https://college.cengage.com/english/lauter/heath/4e/students/author_pages/early_nineteenth/stowe_ha.html. Match. In 1871, Stowes son Frederick drowned at sea and in 1872, Stowes preacher brother Henry was accused of adultery with one of his parishioners. Father will pray me into it! While attending Andover he married Anne Morse, a widow with a young child. In 1865, she married the Rev. Harriet Beecher Stowe, ne Harriet Elizabeth Beecher, (born June 14, 1811, Litchfield, Connecticut, U.S.died July 1, 1896, Hartford, Connecticut), American writer and philanthropist, the author of the novel Uncle Toms Cabin, which contributed so much to popular feeling against slavery that it is cited among the causes of the American Civil War. Her best known work was A Treatise on Domestic Economy (1841). He encouraged his wifes writing career, telling her she must be a literary woman.. Well never share your email with anyone else. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). When did she die? Harriet Beecher Stowe in Lauter, Paul, editor, https://college.cengage.com/english/lauter/heath/4e/students/author_pages/early_nineteenth/stowe_ha.html, link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/K1631006289/BIC1?u=deschutes&xid=016ee01c. . Mary was the only daughter of Lyman Beechers who did not pursue public life, though she had a central role in the extended Beecher family. There, she met some of the great minds and reformers of the day, including noted abolitionists. Edward was friends with abolitionist Rev. Lyman and Roxanas youngest child, Charles, spent his earliest years in Litchfield, but at 11 he moved to Boston with his father and stepmother. Corrections? Harriet Beecher Stowe Quiz. http://www.baruch.cuny.edu/library/alumni/online_exhibits/digital/2001/beecher/harriet.htm, Clemson University. American Experience, The Abolitionists. The story of a company founded by four US Womens National Team soccer players seeking to challenge norms and inspire lasting progress. In 1838, Charles moved to New Orleans and supplemented his income as a church organist by collecting fees for a counting house. The home of Stowes next-door neighbor, Samuel Clemens (better known as Mark Twain), is also open to the public. Lyman Beecher was among the best known clergymen of the first half of the 1800s. https://www.bowdoin.edu/stowe-house/, Baruch Library. He was the husband and literary agent of Harriet Beecher Stowe . He encouraged her writing and she continued to churn out short stories and sketches. In 1872, charges of an adulterous affair between Henry Ward Beecher and a female parishioner brought national scandal. In Cincinnati she founded the Western Female Institute, and went on to establish schools in Iowa, Illinois and Wisconsin. Match. Isabella joined Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony as a member of the National Womans Suffrage Association in 1869. So, despite her fame, she seldom spoke about the book in public, even at events held in her honor. Stowe, Harriet Beecher (1811-1896) | Encyclopedia.com Cincinnati, a border city, was at the time torn with abolitionist conflicts. Stowe died on July 2, 1896, at her Connecticut home, surrounded by her family. Encyclopedia of World Biography, Gale, 1998. Only three survived them. Like his half-sister Harriet, James lost his mother while he was very young. Fred was the inspiration for the character Tom Bolton in Stowes My Wife and I and We and Our Neighbors. The Harriet Beecher Stowe Center, Harriet Beecher Stowes Life. Accessed 7July 2017, https://www.harrietbeecherstowecenter.org/hbs/. Lyman Beecher (1775-1863) and Roxana Foote Beecher (1775- 1816), the sixth of 11 children. Stowe, Harriet Beecher. Thank you so much for your interest in a group tour at the Harriet Beecher Stowe Center! Calvin Ellis Stowe (April 6, 1802 - August 22, 1886) was an American Biblical scholar who helped spread public education in the United States. Stowes uncle invited her to join the Semi-Colon Club, a co-ed literary group of prominent writers including teacher Calvin Ellis Stowe, the widower husband of her dear, deceased friend Eliza. The scandal diminished her popularity with the British people. I merely did his dictation. Harriet Beecher (1836-1907) and Eliza Tyler (1836-1912). In 2001, Bowdoin College purchased the house, together with a newer attached building, and was able to raise the substantial funds necessary to restore the house.The Harriet Beecher Stowe House in Hartford, Connecticut, preserved the home where Stowe lived for the final decades of her life. Three years after arriving in Cincinnati (in January, 1836), Harriet Beecher married Calvin Stowe, a Lane professor. 5.4: Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811-1896) - Humanities LibreTexts She grew up in a big family with five brothers and three sisters. Her most famous book is Uncle Tom's Cabin, which was published in 1852. Harriet Beecher's eight years in a female seminary shaped by Catharine Beecher's philosophy of independence and usefulness had not particularly fitted All Rights Reserved. But it wasnt until she moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, with Catharine and her father in 1832 that she found her true writing voice. . In 1850 he married Hartford native Olivia Day, who died in childbirth in 1853. She thereafter led the life of a woman of letters, writing novels, of which The Ministers Wooing (1859) is best known, many studies of social life in both fiction and essay, and a small volume of religious poems. In 1836 Stowe married Professor Calvin E. Stowe of the Lane Theological Seminary and quit teaching to care for twin daughters born later the same year. In 1873, she wrote Palmetto Leaves, a memoir promoting Florida life. While none of these matched Uncle Toms Cabin in terms of popularity, Stowe remained well known and respected in the North, particularly in reform-minded communities. She married Thomas C. Perkins, a prominent lawyer in Hartford, and settled there for the rest of her life. Isabellas ideas of equality were influenced by John Stuart Mills On Liberty and the Subjection of Women. The two became engaged to marry, but it would be years before they wed. After graduating from Amherst College in 1832, Henry joined his family in Cincinnati, OH and enrolled in Lane Seminary.