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PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. Renew your subscription to regain access to all of our exclusive, ad-free study tools. Purchasing Before they can get the engine going, the tanker comes very close, rocking the boat with large waves. Get Annual Plans at a discount when you buy 2 or more! But when the public eventually poured into the streets demanding the release of political prisoners and for more freedoms, Assad turned his military on his own people. Perfect for acing essays, tests, and quizzes, as well as for writing lesson plans. When he questions her, she asks him if he knows why he is named Josef. After hearing that one of the passengers has died, Josefs father insists on going to the funeral, saying that he saw too many men die in Dachau without funerals. The men make fun of Josef for having peed himself and threaten to take him to the same concentration camp as his father. Josef Landau is a Jewish boy in Germany in 1938. He says that Isabels father, his son-in-law, doesnt even have a plan. Student Instructions: Click "Start Assignment". to start your free trial of SparkNotes Plus. Josefs hope starts to waver following the discovery that the ship may not actually allow them to find a new life in Cuba. Instant downloads of all 1748 LitChart PDFs To ensure his safety, Isabel make the self-sacrificial gesture of trading her prized trumpet for the gasoline needed for their crossing. Isabel stands on a car and tries to see her father, who she witnesses being arrested by a cop. They are able to avoid it, but the water rushing into their boat carries away their medicine, bandages, and matches into the sea. Josef, Rachel, and Ruthie are assigned to be resettled in France, but eight months later Germany invades France and they are forced to go on the run once more. They walk 12 hours to Austria, gaining the attention of the news. Some of the children continue to play games, but the adults walk around mournfully. Josef: Berlin, Germany1938 Josef: Somewhere on the Atlantic Ocean1939, Isabel: Just outside Havana, Cuba1994 Isabel: The Straits of Florida, Somewhere North of Cuba1994, Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey2015 Mahmoud: Somewhere on the Mediterranean Sea2015, Josef: Just outside Havana Harbor1939 Josef: Off the American Coast1939, Isabel: Off the Coast of Florida1994 Mahmoud: Berlin, Germany2015. Josef notices that the settings are on full, and asks if they're going full speed because they're racing two other ships to Cuba. Do you have a chapter number for your question? As broken as Aaron has seemed since his release from Dachau, he summons the courage to fight with Scheindick over the Nazi flag Scheindick tries to place over the body, an example of how the ceremony gives even Aaron the strength to fight against the Nazi regime, at least briefly. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days. When he stands up, he realizes that the entire outside wall of their apartment is gone. Summary Analysis Josef watches Ruthie splashing happily in the swimming pool. Just then, a pistol fires and shirtless men rush into the streets, overwhelming the few police officers on the Malecn. When the mutineers gather, Josef watches wistfully as the younger children play by the pool. Mahmoud is pleased that the refugees are finally standing up for themselves, but he becomes frightened as he and his family are caught in the crowd surging toward the fence. It is hungry, as is everyone in Cuba. The host family turns out to be Ruthie, now and old woman, and her husband, Saul. . Refugee: Full Book Summary | SparkNotes Did you know you can highlight text to take a note? Josef is worried that the boy will turn him into the Nazi Police, but the boy simply returns him to his own car, instructs him to put the armband on and not to do that again. On the first part of the tour, the children visit the bridge, where Captain Schroeder welcomes them and shows them the ships controls. Mahmoud collapses to the ground and cries, overwhelmed with exhaustion and the terror of having a gun pointed at his face. After Mahmoud recovers, they walk to a bus stop and take a bus to the Hungarian border. When the floor shifts beneath them, they leave the ruined building. for a customized plan. Instant downloads of all 1748 LitChart PDFs Isabel goes to play her trumpet in the city, busking for pesos from European and Canadian tourists. The captain looks irritated, but tells Josef that there is nothing to worry about. Refugee Introduction + Context. Ruthie comforts Mahmoud, telling him that they died so that she could live. Summary From the deck of the ship, Josef watches his father thrash and scream incoherently in the water. Although they are reluctant to leave the country they have always known, political forces beyond their control turn the Landaus into refugees. Refugee Quotes and Analysis | GradeSaver to start your free trial of SparkNotes Plus. Following this, they wait in Turkey for a boat that will take them to Greece. Josef calls for someone to help. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. In contrast to the Nazi officials on board the ship (as evidenced by Schiendick in the next exchange), Captain Schroeder does continue to have empathy for the passengers as he goes out of his way to make sure that they can find a place to live safely, pleading to the government on their behalf. Most other countries have stopped admitting Jewish refugees. From the outset, Gratz places readers in the middle of the action and immediately demonstrates the cruelty of the Nazis against the Jews. Refugee Chapters 33-43 Summary & Analysis | SuperSummary Gratz builds on the themes of survival and visibility with the narrators commentary on Mahmouds attempt to make himself invisible so as not to attract unwanted attention from people who might rob, bully, or harm him. LitCharts Teacher Editions. The occupants of the boat argue with one another as they try to start the engine. The tanker that nearly destroys the migrants boat in the Straits of Florida represents the impersonal hazards that refugees face, an example of the novels theme of the physical dangers of displacement. An argument a about how to reach shore without the motor is interrupted by a siren. After learning that the hotel is full, Mahmoud and his family walk to a park that is packed with refugees. Teachers and parents! Something on the boat breaks, and the crafts start taking on even more water; everyone except Isabels mother starts to bail water. Aaron leads Josef to the sandbox by the pool to gather a handful of sand, which they release over the ocean after the body is buried at sea as a symbol of human bodies coming from dust and returning to dust again after death. Josef worries that the doctor will declare Aaron mentally unstable and wont let him in, and so Josef slaps his father to get him to snap out of it and lies that the Nazis will get Aaron if he doesnt stay quiet. Did you know you can highlight text to take a note? Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 6 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 8 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 11 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (3), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 14 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (4), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 17 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 2 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (1), Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (2), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 4 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Lesbos to Athens 2015, 12 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia 2015, 14-15 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary 2015, 15-16 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (3), Josef: Vornay, France 1940, 1 year, 1 month, 10 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (4), Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany 2015, 17 days. He wishes now that he could join them and be a little kid again, but he knows that he now has responsibilities to keep his mother and sister safe. As the St. Louis passes the Florida coast, the ship is observed by curious reporters and photographers. He wishes he were still a child and could join them. Although he had imagined he had escaped the hatred that characterized his life in Germany, in fact it lurks just below the surface, literally in the decks below those he and his family walk in an illusion of freedom and safety. Several people try to get the engine working again by pouring seawater over it, thinking that it has overheated. Powtoon - Refugee Josef summary The ocean she enters is wavy. Later that day, Aaron attempts to commit suicide by jumping off the ship, but he is rescued and taken to the mainland by a Cuban police officer named Mariano Padron. Josef does not understand. TO CANCEL YOUR SUBSCRIPTION AND AVOID BEING CHARGED, YOU MUST CANCEL BEFORE THE END OF THE FREE TRIAL PERIOD. PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. They then walk the rest of the way to Serbia before continuing on to Hungary. Waleed, Mahmouds mother, and sister Hana are all alive. Six months later, Aaron is allowed to leave the camp on the condition that he immediately leaves the country, and so he; Josef; Josefs mother, Rachel; and Josefs sister, Ruthie, all plan to board the MS Saint Louis, which is bringing Jewish refugees to Cuba. (including. The first storyline concerns Josef Landau, a German Jewish boy whose middle-class family is displaced from their home and country because of the Nazi Partys anti-Semitic prejudice in the lead up to WWII. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. Best summary PDF, themes, and quotes. He tells the ten mutineers that his crew will not take their orders, and none of the mutineers know how to steer the ship. Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 6 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 8 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 11 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (3), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 14 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (4), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 17 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 2 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (1), Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (2), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 4 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Lesbos to Athens 2015, 12 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia 2015, 14-15 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary 2015, 15-16 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (3), Josef: Vornay, France 1940, 1 year, 1 month, 10 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (4), Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany 2015, 17 days. Instant PDF downloads. Dont have an account? On his way home from school, walking his younger brother Waleed by the hand, Mahmoud sees two boys roughing up another boy and stealing his bread. When Josef and the other children are led to the engine room by a sailor named Jockl, they all hear another group of sailors singing The Horst Wessel Song, the anthem of the Nazi Party. Teachers and parents! He says the riot started because the authorities ran out of food rations too quickly. Ruthie tells him her own story: how, when the Nazis had caught her, Josef, and Rachel in France, Josef made the choice to go to the concentration camps so that Ruthie could go free. We're sorry, SparkNotes Plus isn't available in your country. The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. Renews July 23, 2023 You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. But they are directed to a dock, where an officer tells them that they are in the Bahamas and are not allowed to dock. Subscribe now. SparkNotes PLUS They pray to Allah for about seven minutes, facing Mecca. Frustrated that Hitlers anti-Semitism has given rise to a circumstance in which he and his family are confined to a segregated train car, Josef considers how the supposed physical traits of Jews seem invented. Although the boat is not sunk by the tanker, Rudi is swept overboard in the dark, lost until Isabel dives in to save him, and example of her bravery and determination to keep the group together. Wed love to have you back! on 2-49 accounts, Save 30% PDF downloads of all 1748 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. Contact us The governments of the U.S. and Cuba surely understand that turning the refugees away could amount to a death sentence for many of the people on board, and yet they still choose to refuse to let the passengers disembark. Refugee Josef: Somewhere on the Atlantic Ocean - LitCharts A young boy offers to show them a better place to stay if they pay him. Teach your students to analyze literature like LitCharts does. Refugee: Josef: Berlin, Germany - 1938 Summary & Analysis A woman screams and points at two shark fins in the water. Refugee Josef (Just Outside Havana Harbor-1939, 19 days - SparkNotes Isabels father has been jailed by the Fidel Castro government for a year for trying to leave via boat. Seeing Miami, Isabel starts to cry, out of relief and because Ivn got so close but did not make it. They also sit in a segregated train compartment reserved for Jews. To test his theory, he removes his armband and walks through the other train cars, buying a newspaper from a German man who treats him normally. A United States Coast Guard vessel calls to them in Spanish: they are going to be boarded. "Refugee Josef: Berlin, Germany1938 Josef: Somewhere on the Atlantic Ocean1939 Summary and Analysis". Some try to escape Cuba, but Castro has a policy wherein people who try to leave are imprisoned. They meet their father, but he is not the same. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. He plans to sell their car in Turkey and make their way to Germany. Instant PDF downloads. As they start to row toward the shore, a Coast Guard boat starts to steer toward them. PDF downloads of all 1748 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. Please wait while we process your payment. Captain Schroeder, who commands the St. Louis, is an example in the text of a person who has sympathy with the refugees and does what he can to help them. resource to ask questions, find answers, and discuss thenovel. On Kristallnacht, Josefs home is ransacked by Nazi soldiers and his father Aaron is taken to a concentration camp. In 1994, outside Havana, Cuba, a barefoot Isabel Fernandez feeds a starving cat. on 2-49 accounts, Save 30% Gratz shows how Josefs experience is not an isolated incident: all over Germany, Jews are facing the same kind of erasure of their culture and identity. When Josef, Rachel, and Ruthie meet up with Aaron at the ship, Josef notices that his father is paranoid and terrified following his experience at the concentration camp. Instant downloads of all 1748 LitChart PDFs When Josef tells him that he was, Pozner tells him that some of the passengers are planning to storm the bridge and force the captain to run the boat aground on the U.S. coast. While the other men agree to end the mutiny after Schroeder gives his word to do everything possible to get them to England, Josef is frustrated and wishes he could say no. She then runs next door to say they have to take her on their boat. Refine any search. Sometimes it can end up there. Alan Gratz Refugee Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 2017 A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides that feature detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, quotes, and essay topics. Sorry, this is only a short answer space. You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. A Cuban police officer on a lower deck dives in. Summary Narrated in the third person by an unnamed limited-omniscient narrator, Refugee begins with a chapter from the point of view of Josef Landau, a 12-year-old Jewish boy living in Berlin, Germany, in 1938. Summary Page 34 starts where Josef's story left off, as he is dragged on the train by the Hitler Youth. Empathy and Social Responsibility. Her statement that one can live life as a ghost, or one can dance, puts herself in direct opposition with Aaron as she tries to continue to find ways to enjoy life even in the face of uncertainty and tragedy. His experiences with oppression in Germany, and then as a refugee, cause him to grow up far sooner than he should have to. You may cancel your subscription on your Subscription and Billing page or contact Customer Support at custserv@bn.com. The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. From the street, they watch it collapse along with the buildings on either side. Jockl tries to get the kids to the engine room unnoticed, but one of the singing soldiers, Schiendick, stops them. You'll be billed after your free trial ends. Gasping for air, Mahmoud thinks that he will die. He decides simply to walk out of the refugee camp, and the other refugees follow suit. More than Aarons appearance, his fear and paranoia also hint at the kinds of trauma he experienced at the concentration camps. Later that evening, a tanker surges toward their boat. Plot Summary. Refugee: Josef: Atlantic Ocean - 1939, 22 days Summary & Analysis Although Aaron refused even to attend Josefs bar mitzvah, he wants to go to the funeral, seeing it as an opportunity to mark the life of a Jew in a time when the Nazis are killing Jews for no reason, as if their lives have no meaning. The Nazis labelling Aarons practice as a crime against the German people inherently detaches them from their own German culture. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. Your group members can use the joining link below to redeem their group membership. Ivns father says he needs gas. Mahmoud, the third main character, is a 13-year-old boy living in Aleppo, Syria, in 2015. If you don't see it, please check your spam folder. Although they are trying to save money, the family pays the boy and follows him to an abandoned shopping mall. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1989, communist Cubas economy has been suffering without the support of the larger communist network. (including. During the storm, Isabel remembers her grandmother Lita, who died two years earlier after she was swept out to sea during a cyclone. Josef thinks it is a terrible plan, but Pozner tells him that they will need Josef to show them the way to the bridge. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. Josef is surprised when his mother puts on makeup, wears a party dress, and goes to the dance hall. Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. Under the wet foot/dry foot policy, if the Coast Guard captures them before they reach the shore, they will be deported to Cuba. For the next 7 days, you'll have access to awesome PLUS stuff like AP English test prep, No Fear Shakespeare translations and audio, a note-taking tool, personalized dashboard, & much more! $24.99 Additionally, Seor Castillo is thrown from the boat, and Isabel dives into the water to save him. Mahmoud stares out at the sky beyond the blown-away apartment wall. She jumps between them and the cop rears back to hit her, but Ivns older brother, Luis, who is also a cop, stops the mans arm. Cooper, James ed. LitCharts Teacher Editions. Luckily, Mahmouds parents have saved cash to prepare for an escape, and they begin the dangerous journey through several countries to reach safety in Germany, which at the time was among the most welcoming of the European countries to Syrian refugees. Havana is rioting, with men chanting for freedom and rocks and bullets flying through the air. Summary Analysis The Hitler Youth drags Josef down the train. In order to reach safety in the United States, they will have to survive not only the political forces that oppose them but also the physical dangers inherent in crossing the ocean in a small vessel. Complete your free account to request a guide. Complete your free account to access notes and highlights. All 908 passengers are Jews, but no one wears armbands or is segregated. Josef: Train to Hamburg 1939, 1 day. Isabel jumps into the water to try to save him, while Ivn yells to his father. Isabel grieves for her friend, particularly when, the next day, they are able to see Miami in the distance. But the taxi driver holds them at gunpoint, demanding their money. On TV, Fidel Castro appears to condemn the riot, claiming US agents agitated it. | (including. Youve successfully purchased a group discount. Hours later, Mahmoud and Fatima are finally rescued by the Greek Coast Guard, and they reunite with Waleed and Youssef. While returning to his homework, Mahmoud hears an incoming missile. While arguing, they notice a large tanker headed toward them. They plan to meet Josefs father on the north coast and board a ship bound for Cuba, the only place that will take them. SparkNotes Plus subscription is $4.99/month or $24.99/year as selected above. The Hungarians are building a chain link fence with razor wire to keep refugees out. He takes Josef to the Jewish compartment and tells him not to take off his armband, then marches away. The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. Josef doesnt want to leave his home country, but his family doesnt want to wait to see what the Nazis will do to them next. When Schiendick presents a Nazi flag to put over the body, Josefs father spits at Schiendicks feet. Members will be prompted to log in or create an account to redeem their group membership. They watch from a distance, laughing. Nazis catch them in a small French town, and though Rachel offers them all of the money and jewelry they have, the Nazis tell her that she can choose one child to set free, and one child to go to the concentration camps. At the Hungarian border, soldiers throw tear gas at them and take them to a detention center, where soldiers beat Youssef and call the Syrian refugees parasites and filth. They are then relocated to a refugee camp. SparkNotes Plus subscription is $4.99/month or $24.99/year as selected above. The day after the storm, the sun breaks through with a blazing heat, and Teresa starts to get a fever. The first protagonist, Josef, is a 12-year-old Jewish boy living in Germany in 1938, during the rise of Hitler and the Nazi Party. Not affiliated with Harvard College. She trades the trumpet for two large gas canisters. With so many belligerents involved in the war, dividing allegiances across the country, Mahmoud finds it best to evade notice and make friends with no one. for a customized plan. Renew your subscription to regain access to all of our exclusive, ad-free study tools. At Josefs bar mitzvah, he agrees to remove the portrait of Hitler, and when Professor Weiler is buried at sea, he defies German law by allowing him to be buried without being wrapped in a swastika flag. Josef finds Officer Padron to ask if they can join Aaron in Cuba, but Padron informs him that Aaron is not fit enough to board the ship, nor can the rest of the family disembark. When Josef and the other children on the tour encounter Scheindick singing Nazi songs in the crew deck, Josef realizes that the St. Louis is only a respite from life under the Nazis, not a true safe haven. Although the family has hurried to arrive in Izmir in time for their promised boat to Greece, the smuggler tells them they must wait another day, a frustrating moment that emphasizes their helplessness as refugees dependent on others for transportation. Isabels fathers eyes widen. Your subscription will continue automatically once the free trial period is over. The way the content is organized, LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in, Injustice and Cruelty vs.