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But technology, science, and marketing have changed the way we produce our food and have altered the structure of farming. New York State Dairy Statistics Posted by Sue King, Public Affairs Director, National Agricultural Statistics Service in, More, Better, and New Market Opportunities. 1). Data tell us so. Dairy cows Colonies which produced In measuring efficiency, one can look at the amount of labor input used by a farm. Data Haul manure? There is certainly an impact of farm size on efficiencies including labor; however, the results obtained do not show a clear linear relationship between labor efficiency measures and number of cows milked, except with the very largest farms. So what does that mean? New York State Dairy Statistics That combination of fewer farms and steady cow numbers has caused the average herd size to climb to 317 head. Average herd size 183 cows. May 08, 2020. India has the greatest number of dairy cows in the world with over 40 million cows. Dairy Farm That year, there were 70,375 farms in the United States producing milk commercially. Dairy Milk production in Texas has increased 68% since 2010, pushing the Lone Star State into its current position as the fifth largest milk-producing state in the country. India has the greatest number of dairy cows in the world with over 40 million cows. Place Names: Agriculture, Vermont, Wisconsin, New York, Minnesota, California, South Dakota, Nevada, Rhode Island, North Dakota, Iowa, u000bcattl. This Milk Production report also showed the fourth-largest year-over-year decline in the number of licensed dairy operations in the last 15 years, and the second-largest (right behind 2019) year-over-year percentage decline since 2003, the first year for which the data is available. If each of the cows were milked every day, each would have produced about 433.9 gallons per year or about 1.2 gallons per cow each day. Daily Milk Production Per Cow: 71 dairy After many years of dealing with depressed prices, many dairy farmers faced an extremely tough year as all of agriculture struggled in dealing with a global pandemic. Inventory by Month and Year, Major States; Inventory by Year, US; Milk Production. Since the end of 2014, dairy farmers have struggled with low prices followed by an industry-disrupting pandemic that increased milk price volatility and rendered risk management tools mostly ineffective. Eighty These ranges suggest that increasing labor efficiency is not as simple as increasing cow numbers. WebSo, to summarize The total number of dairy farms in the US has gone down. Among the results will be increased labor efficiency. As a result, milk cows and production are increasingly moving to much larger dairy farms. Reference to commercial products or trade names does not imply endorsement by MSU Extension or bias against those not mentioned. Check out the MSU Dairy Management Program! ISO Topic Categories: farming, Of the dairy states with over 1,000 dairy farms, Ohio was hit especially hard, losing 7.2% of its operations, while New York lost 6%. WebState Ranking total state milk production 5. Efficiency is defined in the Merriam-Webster Dictionary as: the ability to do something or produce something without wasting materials, time, or energy. Labor efficiency is not defined by one clear indicator rather it is important to measure it in various ways. That year, there were 70,375 farms in the United States producing milk commercially. It varies greatly, from less than $200,000 to greater than $300,000. Average herd size 183 cows. Large dairy operations have significant financial advantages over small and midsized farms, primarily because of lower average production costs per pound of milk produced. Labor as a cost of production is usually the second greatest cost on the farm after feed. For example, some produce crops for sale as well as for feed, whereas others purchase a portion or even all of their feed. Labor cost per cwt., shown in Figure 2, is inversely related to cows per FTE. Dairy Eighty In Figure 3, the gross revenue per FTE is graphed. Based on work with farms on labor management for years, Stan and I believe the answer is not in driving employees harder or eliminating employees and making others work more hours. New York State Dairy Statistics dairy WebMilk Production ISSN: 1949-1557 Released February 20, 2020, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Surveys from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) have identified economies of scale and lower unit costs as herd size increases. It means that farmers have learned how to take care of their cows better. A 30-year snapshot Since 1992, the drop in licensed or so-called commercial dairy farms with permits to sell milk to processing plants has declined from 131,509 to 29,858. We asked farmers to provide the number of full-time worker-equivalents including themselves and family, paid or unpaid, who work on the farm. Thats 84 gallons a year or 1.6 gallons each week for each of the 126.4 million people in the United States. Dairy farm labor efficiency Dairy Thats 72 gallons a year for each of the 327 million people in the United States. Place your emphasis on other measures to see how one year compares to the next. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. For a deeper analysis, complete with tables for each state, turn to page 148 in the March 2022 edition of Hoards Dairyman. Through 2021, the average number of milk cows for the nations total dairy herd grew by 0.6% to 9.45 million head. There are many moving parts, many people doing important jobs, and many opportunities to assess labor priorities. MSU is an affirmative-action, equal-opportunity employer. Unlike the fluctuating overall number of cows, milk production per cow has steadily increased approximately 11.5% from 2011. This year, measures that involve gross revenue will be different. The total number of dairy cattle in the US has gone down. While dairy milk is often seen as a wholesome product for the whole family to enjoy, it might be seen differently if more people were aware of how the dairy industry operates. It seems intuitive that more cows per employee is more efficient, but cow care is not necessarily efficient. A 30-year snapshot Since 1992, the drop in licensed or so-called commercial dairy farms with permits to sell milk to processing plants has declined from 131,509 to 29,858. January Milk Production up 1.2 Percent If each of the cows were milked every day, each would have produced about 433.9 gallons per year or about 1.2 gallons per cow each day. Pennsylvania and Wisconsin were the next most resilient group, down 4.2% and 4.8%, respectively. Average herd size 183 cows. The total number of dairy cattle in the US has gone down. Cows are brought up to the parlor in groups and milked two or three times daily. Production by Month and Year, Major States; Production per Cow by Month and Year, Major States; Production by Year, US; Production per Cow by Year, US Uncertainty remains as to how future food assistance program will impact milk price volatility in 2021. Large dairy operations have significant financial advantages over small and midsized farms, primarily because of lower average production costs per pound of milk produced. Cow care takes time. We comply with the Federal Trade Commission 1998 Childrens Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA). The largest producer of milk is the USA producing over 87 million tonnes per annum (source FAOstat 2012). Michigan State University Extension helps farmers not only evaluate their efficiency, but also provides guidance to improve it. The average dairy herd size reached a record high of 316 head in 2021. 1). This recent acceleration of the decline reflects how difficult it is to operate a dairy in a low milk price environment. Total dairy cows fell from 12 million in 1970 to 9.1 million in 2006, so the average herd size rose from just 19 cows per farm in 1970 WebMilk Production ISSN: 1949-1557 Released February 20, 2020, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). The average dairy herd size reached a record high of 316 head in 2021. Place Names: Agriculture, Vermont, Wisconsin, New York, Minnesota, California, South Dakota, Nevada, Rhode Island, North Dakota, Iowa, u000bcattl. Milk Production 02/20/2020 - National Agricultural Statistics The 4-H Name and Emblem have special protections from Congress, protected by code 18 USC 707. Number of milk cows 627,000. The Decline of Licensed Dairy Herds in the U.S. Livestock and Dairy This information is for educational purposes only. The middle bar is represented by seven farms with a range of 80 to around 1400 cows, and a mean of 662 cows. of milk (measures of labor input) and gross revenue per FTE (a measure of output per unit of labor). Unlike the fluctuating overall number of cows, milk production per cow has steadily increased approximately 11.5% from 2011. $1,000 44,702 18,428 2003 480 67 14,144 25,800 16,284 29,304 1 Producers with five or more colonies. WebThese files include data on supply and allocation of milk fat and skim solids; dairy per capita consumption; fluid milk sales; milk supply by State and region; milk production and factors affecting supply and utilization of milk in all dairy products; and numbers and size of milk bottling plants. Official websites use .gov As cows exit the parlor, some may be separated out for breeding or examination. U.S. dairy farmers enter this year still in a state of flux following the disruptions caused by COVID-19 throughout 2020. However, dont ignore measures that are revenue based, because it is precisely in years like this that those take on a greater importance. Milk produced per cow in the U.S. averaged 23,777 pounds for 2020, 382 pounds above 2019s 23,395, marking a strong year-over-year gain. So what does that mean? The largest producer of milk is the USA producing over 87 million tonnes per annum (source FAOstat 2012). Milk Cows and Production by Quarter - United States: 2020-2021 [May not add due to rounding. While cow numbers in the nations dairy herd held steady, dairy farm numbers did not follow the same course. In 1992, the nation had 9.7 million dairy cows. Colonies which produced One thing to keep in mind when looking at milk production is the ever-increasing productivity of the milking cows. If each of the cows were milked every day, each would have produced about 433.9 gallons per year or about 1.2 gallons per cow each day. Since 2003, the U.S. has lost more than half of its licensed dairy operations, now just shy of 32,000 dairy operations. WebDescription: A map of the United States from the U. S. Department of Agriculture (1922) showing the average number of dairy cows per farm by state in 1920. Milk produced per cow in the U.S. averaged 23,777 pounds for 2020, 382 pounds above 2019s 23,395, marking a strong year-over-year gain. So, gross revenue per FTE is likewise only one indicator of labor efficiency. dairy Growth in production over the past decade has not been evenly distributed. For example, the seven farms represented by the first bar ($100,000 to $200,000 revenue per FTE) range in size from around 80 to 450 cows, and the second bar ($201,000 to $300,000), eight farms from around 140 to 1400 cows. Certainly, as parlors have become larger, it is possible to milk cows at an increasingly efficient rate. We believe the answer is in how owners and managers work with people in partnership to achieve the goals of the business. There are no perfect measures of labor efficiency and this database has limitations in comparing farms to one another. When farms are grouped this way, it can be easy to miss the real difference that farms are able to achieve. Front Desk: (202) 406-3600 Dairy Has Changed For the first bar, less than 41 cows per FTE, there were nine data points with herd sizes ranging from 80 to around 1400 cows with a mean (average) of 402 cows. dairy Indeed, there was a fivefold difference between the farms at either end of the range of gross revenue per FTE among the 20 farms we looked at. Lets look at measures from both of those efficiency perspectives: cows per FTE and labor cost per hundredweight (cwt.) For example, if we look at the annual cost of two theoretical farms from the middle bar at the mean of 662 cows, with one having a $3 labor cost of production and another, at the same size of $4.50 per cwt.,the difference, assuming 25,000 pounds (250 cwts.) The standard is FTE or full time equivalent. A 30-year snapshot Since 1992, the drop in licensed or so-called commercial dairy farms with permits to sell milk to processing plants has declined from 131,509 to 29,858. This is greater than the typical workplace equivalent of 2,000 hours or 40 hours per week multiplied by 50 weeks. We believe that this data reveals that efficiencies can be gained at all farm sizes. The data for USDAs report was collected in late June 2021, recording 6,770 farms with permits to sell milk in Wisconsin. By the end of 2020, there were just 31,657. The reality is that some teams function at a higher level than others and that can be on large farms or small to mid-size farms. 1). While dairy milk is often seen as a wholesome product for the whole family to enjoy, it might be seen differently if more people were aware of how the dairy industry operates. These farm numbers are a snapshot in time. Its a number that has grown steadily from the Place Names: Agriculture, Vermont, Wisconsin, New York, Minnesota, California, South Dakota, Nevada, Rhode Island, North Dakota, Iowa, u000bcattl. Thats a 77% drop during that time, with 101,000 fewer farms but nearly the same number of cows. No state registered an increase in licensed dairy operations from 2019 to 2020. Milk Production 07/22/2021 - National Agricultural Statistics Total milk production per year 15.5 billion pounds. Number of milk cows 627,000. WebIn 2020, the number of dairy cows in the state remained the same at 625,000, annual production per cow increased by % to 24,5001.6 pounds and the total amount of milk produced in the state increased by 1.4% resulting in a total of 15.337 billion pounds In agriculture, we use 2,500 hours per year as FTE. In 1934, 24.6 million milking cows on 5.2 million farms produced 10.7 billion gallons of milk. While production has grown in most of the country, since 2010 it has declined in certain regions, such as much of the Southeast. According to the report, there were approximately 9.4 million milk cows in the United States in 2022, down from about 9.45 million milk cows in 2021. Quality milk is critical and we dont want to compromise achieving it. Total milk production per year 15.5 billion pounds. The work of employing, developing, and guiding people is the next level of farm management in which many need to improve. The replacement heifer as a percentage total milk cows rate sits at 48.8%, the lowest level since 2009. Thats a 77% drop during that time, with 101,000 fewer farms but nearly the same number of cows. Alternatively, we can look at the output per unit of labor input with measures that include milked shipped per FTE and gross revenue per FTE. of milk per cow and 90 percent of cows in milk, is $223,425; yet both are represented in the middle bar. Dairy Her father, George Jetson, savored the two small bites filled with flavor and nutrition. Milk Cows and Production by Quarter - United States: 2020-2021 [May not add due to rounding. Dairy Farm California was the leading U.S. state in terms of the overall number of milk cows, with a total of over 1.7 million milk cows as of 2022. There is certainly an impact of farm size on efficiencies including labor; however, the results obtained do not show a clear linear relationship between labor efficiency measures and number of cows milked, except with the very largest farms. So what does that mean? The data collected ranged from a low of 25 cows to a high of 105 per FTE. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. You can always get better and the higher efficiency levels attained by some farms provides the proof of that. Dairy farm Meanwhile, milk is prepared for calves to be fed and someone is involved in caring for them. Measures of this type include: cows per FTE, labor cost as a percentage of revenue, and labor cost per hundredweight of milk shipped. There is no good level or bad level, there are simply better or worse ones. The highest labor cost of production, greater than $4.50 per cwt., is represented by five farms with a herd size range of around 140 to 400 cows and a mean of 258 cows. Lets look at milk as an example. For example, in February 2022, Wisconsin had 6,483 dairy farms. Even the third bar, with gross revenue greater than $300,000 per FTE represented four farms from around 380 cows to those with more than 3000 cows. When we look at the productivity side of labor, we see similar results. During cropping season, work and often workers are added to accomplish timely planting, care, harvesting, and storage of crops. In 1934, 24.6 million milking cows on 5.2 million farms produced 10.7 billion gallons of milk. There are approximately 270 million cows in the world that are used for their milk, and cows milk has long been a staple of the American diet. This year-over-year decline in the number of dairy operations continues a long trend of farmers deciding to exit the dairy business. Again, we divided labor costs (all costs including owner draw) into three ranges based on farms per each group. Each measure tells a story and using multiple measures provides some balance to the limitations of individual measures. However, even this is not a simple measure. The bars indicate the middle range (second and third quartiles) of farm size in each ratio. Daily Milk Production Per Cow: 71 Average Number of Dairy Cows per Farm